Ambrose Bierce, b. 1842, author of The Devil’s Dictionary. Bierce was irreverent and cynical, but funny. Semicolon quotes from The Devil’s Dictionary.

Back in March, when I was on my “blog vacation”, I read a biography of Mr. Bierce, one that was recommended here, called Bitter Bierce. I borrowed the book through interlibrary loan from some obscure college library, hoping to read something about the life and mysterious disappearance and presumed death of Mr. Bierce, lexicographer, journalist and humorist. Instead, I got a quaint biographical/critical study of Bierce’s life, psychology and literary works by Professor C. Hartley Grattan, copyright 1929. The book was fascinating, not because it gave a great deal of illumination to the life and writings of Ambrose Bierce, but because it did give insight into what I presume was the prevailing attitude among the American intelligentsia circa 1929.

A few examples:

Mr. Gratten writes in some detail about Ambrose Bierce’s anti-female attitudes and statements, but the author finds it completely unnecessary to try to excuse or even explain such an antipathy on the part of Mr. Bierce toward half of the human race.

Mr. Grattan on government and the arts:

Certain it is that sweetness and light have often radiated from the courts of tyrants and usurpers; for thought for creative artists, rulers can do little directly beyond giving them the benefits of order and security and leaving them alone, for civilization they can do much. They can endow and defend a civilizing class. That is why I think of sending copies of this essay to the Russian ‘bosses’, to Signor Mussolini, and to Mr. Winston Churchill.

A pre-World War II sentiment if I ever heard one! Bring on the dictator with his order, security, sweetness, and light!

Mr. Grattan calls Bierce “old-fashioned” because Bierce held to strict moral standards. He calls Bierce’s diatribes opposing socialists and socialism “sloppy and inconsequential thinking.” (Perhaps they were; I haven’t read them.) Grattan equates Bierce’s support for “selective breeding” with advanced thinking. Then, Grattan proceeds to write about “the essential modernity of the ideas that Bierce evolved.” Morality and opposition to socialism are antiquated and out-dated; eugenics are advanced and modern. And Bierce is both old-fashioned and modern at the same time.

Mr. Grattan calls Ambrose Bierce a contradictory, enigmatic sort of person. Bierce’s contrariness must have affected Mr. Grattan’s writing. Of Ambrose Bierce I did learn one thing I didn’t know before:

Bierce was one of twelve children each having a name beginning with A: Abigail, Addison, Aurelius, Amelia, Ann, Augustus, Andrew, Almeda, Albert, and Ambrose. (Two died in infancy.)

From The Letters of Ambrose Bierce: “My father was a poor farmer and could give me no general education, but he had a good library and to his books I owe all that I have.”