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Fun with Macbeth

Macbeth, in a manner most flighty,
Aspired to the high and the mighty.
Urged on by his wife,
He stuck in his knife,
And the blood got all over his nightie!
— Author Unknown

My British Literature class is reading Macbeth this week and next. In addition to discussing serious themes such sin, death, ambition, and murder, I thought we’d also have some fun with a play that is Shakespeare’s shortest tragedy because it has almost no comedic elements in it. After all that blood and gore, we’re going to need some comic relief. So I gave my students these links. Any other suggestions?

Enjoying Macbeth

Macbeth Trivia and Quizzes

Painting of the Three Witches from Macbeth by Alexandre-Marie Colin

Shakespearean Insults Example: “Thou saucy onion-eyed younker!” OR “Thou yeasty white-livered clot pole!” Try those on the Macbeth in your life!

If anyone has a copy of the book Twisted Tales from Shakespeare by Richard Armour or knows where I can get one (cheap), I’d love to have it. Armour has a great take on Macbeth that I would like to share with the class–if I can find it anywhere.

Born September 18th

Samuel Johnson, b. 1709, said to be the second most quoted author in the English language, after Shakespeare.

Samuel Johnson’s Life and Faith by James Kiefer

BBC News article, The A to Z of Samuel Johnson

Who Is This Johnson Guy? by Jack Lynch

Some interesting facts about Samuel Johnson:
He was the son of a bookseller. (What fun!)
Johnson’s Dictionary of the the English Language, published in 1755 (making this year the 250th anniversary of the publication of Johnson’s Dictionary), was not the first English dictionary, but it was the authoritative English dictionary for over a hundred years until the publication of the Oxford English Dictionary.
Johnson never graduated from Oxford University, although he did attend there, and he became “Dr. Johnson” because he was given an honorary degree.
Samuel Johnson was half-blind, deaf in one ear, and suffered from scrofula, nervous tics, and depression. Some thought him so odd in his mannerisms that they considered him an idiot until he spoke and revealed himself to be an intelligent man.
Johnson married a widow, Elizabeth Porter, who was twenty years older than he, and by all accounts they were very happily married until her death seventeen years later.

Johnson on wine:
“One of the disadvantages of wine is that it makes a man mistake words for thoughts.”
“There are some sluggish men who are improved by drinking; as there are fruits that are not good until they are rotten.”
“There is nothing which has yet been contrived by man, by which so much happiness is produced as by a good tavern.”
“Wine makes a man more pleased with himself; I do not say it makes him more pleasing to others.”
“Sir, I have no objection to a man’s drinking wine, if he can do it in moderation. I found myself apt to go to excess in it, and therefore, after having been for some time without it on account of illness, I thought it better not to return to it. Every man is to judge for himself, according to the effects which he experiences. One of the fathers tells us, he found fasting made him so peevish that he did not practice it.”

(Perhaps those winebibbers over at the Boar’s Head Tavern who are having a rather disdainful discussion of Southern Baptist teetotalers should heed Johnson’s advice to live and let live. Perhaps I’m overly sensitive because I’m one of those foolish (formerly SBC) teetotalers myself. :))

Johnson on blogging:
“No man but a blockhead ever wrote except for money.”
“Read over your compositions, and when you meet a passage which you think is particularly fine, strike it out.”
“A man who uses a great many words to express his meaning is like a bad marksman who, instead of aiming a single stone at an object, takes up a handful and throws at it in hopes he may hit.”
“What is written without effort is in general read without pleasure.”
“The greatest part of a writer’s time is spent in reading in order to write. A man will turn over half a library to make a book.”
“I never desire to converse with a man who has written more than he has read.”

Good advice, but who can heed it? If a writer could bear to strike out his favorite passages, no one would need an editor.

Johnson on moral relativism:
“But if he does really think that there is no distinction between virtue and vice, why, Sir, when he leaves our houses, let us count our spoons.”
Yes, definitely, count the spoons. We watched a video in our Worldview class on Friday in which a young lady said, “I always follow my heart; it never leads me astray.” Scary . . . time to count the spoons.

Chaucerian Links

We’re studying Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales in my high school British Literature class, so here are some Chaucerian links for your enjoymenr.

Take a walking tour of the city of Canterbury.
Teach yourself to read Chaucer’s Middle English.
A Chaucerian Cookery
Pilgrims Passing To and Fro
Medieval Woodcuts Clipart Collection The people at Gode Cookery say you’re welcome to use these medieval images as long as you link back to them. I think I just did.

Born August 13th

The first book printed in the English language: The Recuyell of the Histories of Troy, printed in Flanders c. 1475.
The first book printed in England:The Dictes or Sayings of the Philosophers, 1477.

William Caxton, b. 1422 at Kent, England was first a merchant, and when he was about 50 years old he started his second career as a printer. He learned printing in Cologne, Germany, and then returned to England and set up a printing press near Westminster Abbey. His printing career spanned the last years of the reign of Edward IV (of York) and that of Richard III, Edward’s brother and the first few years of the reign of Henry VII (Tudor). Turbulent times.

From The Last Plantagenets by Thomas B. Costain:

William Caxton was not content to print books; he always concerned himself with the translations and with the preparation of the copy. . . . One of the most commendable of his early efforts was an edition of Chaucer’s Canterbury Taleswhich was much larger than any of the others. Undoubtedly it did much to acquaint the people of England with the work of their great poet. He also put out an edition of Sir Thomas Malory’s King Arthur and a translation of Cicero’s De senectute. That he translated the last himself is an evidence of his scholarship.

Caxton died in 1491, and his heir moved the printing business to Fleet Street, which by tradition is still the central location of the British publishing industry.

I love English history, and if you want to read more about England from the time of the first Plantagenet kings until the end of the Plantagenet dynasty (Battle of Bosworth) and the end of the Middle Ages, you can’t do better than this series of books by Thomas B. Costain: The Conquering Family, The Magnificent Century, The Three Edwards, and The Last Plantagenets. Fantastic stuff. I wish I had time to go back and re-read them before I teach British literature this school year.

Dooner’s Spay, I Mean . . .

Spooner’s Day, is named for Rev. William Archibald Spooner, b. 1844, Dean and later Warden of New College in Oxford. This article from Reader’s Digest describes Spooner :

Spooner was an albino, small, with a pink face, poor eyesight, and a head too large for his body. His reputation was that of a genial, kindly, hospitable man. He seems also to have been something of an absent-minded professor. He once invited a faculty member to tea “to welcome our new archaeology Fellow.”
“But, sir,” the man replied, “I am our new archaeology Fellow.”
“Never mind,” Spooner said, “Come all the same.”

He was most famous, however, for getting his tang tungled. Spoonerisms are words or phrases in which sounds or syllables get swapped. Some of Spooner’s spoonerisms:
fighting a liar–lighting a fire
you hissed my mystery lecture–you missed my history lecture
cattle ships and bruisers–battle ships and cruisers
nosey little cook–cosy little nook
a blushing crow–a crushing blow
tons of soil–sons of toil
our queer old Dean–our dear old Queen
we’ll have the hags flung out–we’ll have the flags hung out

GWB’s most famous spoonerism:
“If the terriers and bariffs (barriers and tariffs) are torn down, this economy will grow.” (January 7, 2001 in Rochester, New York)

And here, for your further enjoyment, is the spoonerized fairy tale, Prinderella and the Cince. We used to have an old recording of Andy Griffith telling a spoonerized version of this story, not this same one, though, as I remember it. On the other side of the record was Griffith’s monologue called “What It Was Was Football” about a country boy who gets trapped into watching a football game. He can’t figure out why all those boys on the field are fighting over that little pumpkin and in all the excitement the narrator “dropped his Big Orange drink.”

Anyway, anybody else have any examples of spoonerisms?

Finally, A Good Book!

First I read The TIme Traveler’s Wife by Audrey Niffenegger, and you can read what I thought about that book if you’re interested. Next, I read Time Lottery by Nancy Moser, and it erred in the opposite direction–much too preachy and full of predictable and not very interesting characters. Then, I decided to read Case Histories by Kate Atkinson since The LitBLog Co-op, a group of literary bloggers who are trying to encourage the reading of new and less noticed books, chose it for their first recommended book a few weeks ago. I respond to peer pressure as much as the next reader, so I really tried to like this book. I failed. The characters are not trite and predictable; they’re just not very likeable. I found maybe two characters in a book that was overfilled with characterization that I could identify with, root for, or even want to read more about. Private Detective Jackson Brodie is a seedy British ex-cop. He spends the book talking to people involved in the three sordid cases he’s working on at the same time, getting attacked (someone is trying to kill him), and having sex with or refusing to have sex with various of his clients. Oh, yes, he also has an eight year old daughter, Marlee, and an ex-wife who hates him. I can see why. I almost feel sorry for Jackson when his house is blown up and when he has dental miseries, but he squanders my sympathy by acting generally like a creep. Most of the other characters in the book are fairly creepy, too. There’s an ax-murderer, three abused and consequently borderline deranged unmarried sisters, and an overweight bereaved father. The last one, Theo, a father who can’t get over the murder of his favorite daughter, is one of the two likeable characters. But he’s not prominent enough in the story to make it worthwhile. The other character I was halfway interested in was a ex-druggie runaway girl with purple hair. Obviously, I was desperate by this time to find something that made this book worth reading. As usual, I finished it, but it really got worse instead of better.

So, a couple of days ago I was ready to head back to the nineteenth century. There are good authors back there whose books have not all been explored. Give me more Dickens, Thackeray, even George Eliot or Thomas Hardy. However, before I did a little time-traveling of my own, I decided to try a book recommended by Carmon at Buried Treasure and by several of her commenters. Peace Like a River by Leif Enger was like a oasis, like water to a drowning woman. (Sorry, that was one of my father-in-law’s favorite jokes.) No, truly, what an excellent story.

Peace Like a River tells the story of the Land family, father Jeremiah, two sons, Davy and Reuben, and a daughter, Swede. The children’s mother walked out on them long before the time of the novel. Reuben, eleven years old, tells the story. Davy is sixteen when the story starts, and Reuben looks up to his older brother even though the two of them are very different. The central salient fact of Reuben’s life is his asthma; Davy is the epitome of the strong older brother.

“Davy wanted life to be something you did on your own; the whole idea of a protective, fatherly God annoyed him. I would understand this better in years to come, but never subscribe to it, for I was weak and knew it. I hadn’t the strength or the instincts of my immigrant forbears. The weak must bank on mercy–without which, after all, I wouldn’t have lasted fifteen minutes.”

Of course, this statement of Reuben’s is reminiscent of Jesus’ saying to the Pharisees: “It is not the healthy who need a doctor, but the sick. I have not come to call the righteous, but sinners.” (Mark 2:17) Not that Davy is a Pharisee; he’s more like a lost sheep, an exile, by his own choice, from grace. Reuben, because of his asthma, knows that it is only by the grace of God, by a miracle, that he is able to breathe in and out. When crisis comes to the Land family, it is Reuben who survives and lives a healthy life, and Davy who is lost.

The language in this novel is beautiful. The author, Leif Enger, worked for many years as a reporter and a producer for Minnesota Public Radio, and the poetic, yet sparkling clear, language in this his first novel is obviously the work of a fine craftsman of words. Examples:

“No grudge ever had a better nurse.”
“Since that fearful night, Dad had responded with an almost impossible work of belief. . . . He had laid up prayer as with a trowel. You know this is true, and if you don’t it is I the witness who am to blame.”
“Listening to Dad’s guitar, halting yet lovely in the search for phrasing, I thought: Fair is whatever God wants to do.”

This last quote gives one of the central themes of the book. God is. He has compassion on the weak, on those who know their need of Him. But He doesn’t always work in the way we want, doesn’t make the story turn out the way we want it to end, doesn’t always give us the miracle. Toward the end of Peace Like a River there’s a wonderfully written chapter in which the narrator describes heaven. The chapter seems to owe something to C.S. Lewis, but it’s as good an imaginative description as Lewis ever wrote himself. Finally, at the very end of the novel, Rueben tells the reader:

“I breathe deeply, and certainty enters into me like light, like a piece of science, and curious music seems to hum inside my fingers.
Is there a single person on whom I can press belief?
No sir.
All I can do is say, Here’s how it went. Here’s what I saw.
I’ve been there and am going back.
Make of it what you will.”

Rueben is a witness as all Christians are. May I be as strong a witness in my weakness to God’s grace and mercy.

King James Bible Published

King James I of England established a committee of scholars to produce a new translation of the Bible in English. The Authorized or King James version of the Bible was published on May 2, 1611. The poetry of the KJV has yet to be equalled in any other English translation, IMHO. The Psalms especially are a masterpiece of poetic translation.

1 The earth is the LORD’s, and the fulness thereof;
the world, and they that dwell therein.
2 For he hath founded it upon the seas,
and established it upon the floods.
3 Who shall ascend into the hill of the LORD?
Or who shall stand in his holy place?
4 He that hath clean hands, and a pure heart;
who hath not lifted up his soul unto vanity, nor sworn deceitfully.
5 He shall receive the blessing from the LORD,
and righteousness from the God of his salvation.
6 This is the generation of them that seek him,
that seek thy face, O Jacob. Selah.
7 Lift up your heads, O ye gates;
and be ye lifted up, ye everlasting doors; and the King of glory shall come in.
8 Who is this King of glory?
The LORD strong and mighty,
the LORD mighty in battle.
9 Lift up your heads, O ye gates;
even lift them up, ye everlasting doors;
and the King of glory shall come in.
10 Who is this King of glory?
The LORD of hosts,
he is the King of glory.

Wht ringing phrases! I read the NIV most of the time, but there is a a sound and a comfort and an earthiness to the KJV that isn’t in the more prosaic modern translations.

Another Dialect

Here’s another dialect poem. I wonder if this one offends the Scots. If so, I’m sorry, but it’s a good picture of our home at bedtime.

Cuddle Doon
by Alexander Anderson

The bairnies cuddle doon at nicht
Wi muckle faught and din.
“Oh try an’ sleep, ye waukrife rogues,
Your faither’s comin’ in.”
They niver heed a word I speak,
I try tae gie a froon,
But aye I hap’ them up an’ cry
“Oh, bairnies, cuddle doon!”

Wee Jamie wi’ the curly heid,
He aye sleeps next the wa’
Bangs up and cries, “I want a piece!”
The rascal starts them a’.
I rin and fetch them pieces, drinks,
They stop a wee the soun’,
Then draw the blankets up an’ cry,
“Noo, weanies, cuddle doon.”

But ere five minutes gang, wee Rab
Cries oot frae neath the claes,
“Mither, mak’ Tam gie ower at aince,
He’s kittlin’ wi’ his taes.”
The mischief in that Tam for tricks,
He’d bother half the toon,
But aye I hap them up an’ cry,
“Oh, bairnies, cuddle doon!”

At length they hear their faither’s fit
An’ as he steeks the door,
They turn their faces tae the wa’
An Tam pretends tae snore.
“Hae a’ the weans been gude?” he asks,
As he pits aff his shoon.
“The bairnies, John, are in their beds
An’ lang since cuddled doon!”

An’ just afore we bed oorsel’s
We look at oor wee lambs,
Tam has his airm roun’ wee Rab’s neck
An Rab his airm roun’ Tam’s.
I lift wee Jamie up the bed
An’ as I straik each croon,
I whisper till my heart fills up:
“Oh, bairnies, cuddle doon!”

The bairnies cuddle doon at nicht
Wi’ mirth that’s dear tae me.
But soon the big warl’s cark an’ care
Will quaten doon their glee.
Yet come what will to ilka ane,
May He who rules aboon,
Aye whisper, though their pows be bald:
“Oh, bairnies, cuddle doon!”

I wish I could do a Scots accent. I’m not very good at accents or dialects–except plain old Texan.

Radio

A poem is like a radio that can broadcast continuously for thousands of years. –Allen Ginsburg

Thousands of years? Well, I’ve already gone back to the psalms, dated about 1000 B.C. Are there any modern poems that you think will still be read 3000 years from now? OK, so the psalms are also God’s Word, preserved, I believe, by His hand. So let’s make it a little easier. Are there any modern poems that you believe will still be quoted and read 100 years from now? Maybe this one is immune to changes in the English language, anyway:

JABBERWOCKY by Lewis Carroll

‘Twas brillig, and the slithy toves
Did gyre and gimble in the wabe.
All mimsy were the borogoves,
And the mome raths outgrabe.
‘Beware the Jabberwock, my son,
The jaws that bite, the claws that catch.
Beware the jubjub bird, and shun
The frumious bandersnatch.’
He took his vorpal sword in hand;
Long time the manxome foe he sought.
Then rested he by the tum-tum tree,
And stood awhile in thought.
And as in uffish thought he stood,
The Jabberwock, with eyes of flame,
Came whiffling through the tulgey wood,
And burbled as it came!
One! two! one! two! and through and through
The vorpal blade went snickersnack!
He left it dead, and with its head
He went galumphing back.
‘And hast thou slain the Jabberwock?
Come to my arms, my beamish boy!
O frabjous day! Calooh! Calay!’
He chortled in his joy.
‘Twas brillig, and the slithy toves
Did gyre and gimble in the wabe.
All mimsy were the borogoves,
And the mome raths outgrabe.

El cuerpo (corpus)

Computer Guru’s Latin teacher sent this list of body parts in five Romance languages: Latin, French, Spanish, Portuguese, and Italian. Eldest Daughter and I share an interest in languages, particularly Romance languages and English. Can you figure out what each of the twenty-five terms is in English? And if you can, is it because you know one of the languages or because of the English cognates for many of these words for parts of the human body?

1. auris oreille oreja orelha orecchio
2. bracchium bras brazo braco braccio
3. capillus cheveux cabello cabelo capelli
4. caput tete cabeza cabeca testa
5. cerebrum cervelle cerebro cerebro cervello
6. collum cou cuello pescoco collo
7. cor coeur corazon calcanhar cuore
8. crus jambe pierna perna gamba
9. dens dent diente dente dente
10. digitus doigt dedo dedo dito
11. frons front frente testa fronte
12. gena joue mejilla face guancia
13. iecur foie higado figado fegato
14, labrum levre labio labio labbro
15. manus main mano mao mano
16. nasus nez nariz nariz naso
17. oculus oeil ojo olho occhio
18 os os hueso osso osso
19. pectus poitrine pecho peito petto
20. pes pied pie pe piede
21. pulmo poumon pulmon pulmao polmone
22. sanguis sang sangre sangue sangue
23. umerus epaule hombro hombbro spalla
24. vena veine vena veia vena
25. venter estomac estomago estomago stomaco

I think I know all of them except #13, but that’s because I speak Spanish. I’ve seen the word higado, but I can’t remember what it means. Nor can I guess from the words in the other languages.